Climate Action

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2020 State of climate services: risk information and early warning systems
(World Meteorological Organization, 2020) World Meteorological Organization
Between 1970 and 2019, 79% of disasters worldwide involved weather, water, and climate-related hazards. These disasters accounted for 56% of deaths and 75% of economic losses from disasters associated with natural hazards reported during that period. As climate change continues to threaten human lives, ecosystems and economies, risk information and early warning systems (EWS) are increasingly seen as key for reducing these impacts. The majority of countries, including 88% of least developed countries and small island states, that submitted their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to UNFCCC have identified EWS as a “top priority”. This latest WMO report highlights progress made in EWS capacity – and identifies where and how governments can invest in effective EWS to strengthen countries’ resilience to multiple weather, water and climate-related hazards. Being prepared and able to react at the right time, in the right place, can save many lives and protect the livelihoods of communities everywhere.
2021 State of climate services: water
(World Meteorological Organization, 2021)
More than 2 billion people are living in countries under water stress and 3.6 billion people face inadequate access to water at least one month per year. Meanwhile, water-related hazards have increased in frequency for the past 20 years. Since 2000, flood-related disasters have increased by 134%, and the number and duration of droughts also increased by 29%. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is vital to achieving long-term social, economic and environmental well-being. But, although most countries have advanced their level of IWRM implementation, 107 countries remain off track to hit the goal of sustainably managing their water resources by 2030 (UN SDG 6). This latest WMO report explores the progress made by WMO Members in using climate services to address water-related challenges – and highlights the gaps in user engagement, forecasting, observing networks, and data collection that still exist.
2022 State of climate services: energy
(World Meteorological Organization, 2022) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
The 2022 WMO State of Climate Services report focuses on the issue of energy, a subject that continues to dominate discussion and debate as it effects every single community, business, sector and economy, in all parts of the world. Reaching net zero by 2050 will mean a complete transformation of our global energy system, with a switch to lower emissions electricity production and increased energy efficiency at the heart of the worldwide response. But the transition to clean energy calls for investment in improved weather, water and climate services that can be used to ensure our energy infrastructure is resilient to climate-related shocks and inform measures to increase energy efficiency across multiple sectors. Using data, analysis, and a series of case studies, the report illustrates and explains how countries – from Italy to Tajikistan – can improve their energy infrastructure, resilience and security through better climate services, supported by sustainable investments.
State of global water resources report 2022
(World Meteorological Organization, 2023)
WMO’s State of Global Water Resources report for 2022 has been launched, following the success of the first pilot report launched last year in response to calls made at various global forums for an independent and consistent assessment of global water resources to guide policy discussions. The State of Global Water Resources report is one among the 3 commitments of WMO made the UN 2023 Water Conference Water Action Agenda. This WMO flagship report gives a concise presentation of the status of water resources in large basins in comparison to the long-term average, for various variables characterizing the water cycle. In comparison to the first edition that reported conditions of streamflow, terrestrial water storage and selected cryosphere parameters only, the present 2022 WMO State of Global Water Resources report is extended to include variables describing, groundwater, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, reservoirs along with an overview of the major extreme hydrological disasters around the globe in 2022. The 2022 report has also improved compared to the pilot report in terms of spatial disaggregation of the basins thanks to the contribution from WMO Members and other experts with respect to in-situ and modelled data. I would also like to comment on increased engagement in the various rounds of review of the content.
State of the climate in Africa 2022
(World Meteorological Organization, 2023)
The report on the State of the Climate in Africa 2022 is the fourth in the series of the annual African report, with a special focus on loss and damage. It is the result of collaboration between African National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), African Regional Climate Centres, the African Union Commission, international institutions, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. The report provides informed climate analysis, describes notable hydro-meteorological events, impacts and risks, and identifies key climate policies and strategic elements to build a more sustainable and climate-resilience future for Africa.
State of the climate in Asia 2021
(World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2022)
The report on the State of the Climate in Asia 2021 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in Asia region in 2021. The 2021 report is the second in the series of the report.
State of the climate in Asia 2022
(World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2023) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
The report on the State of the Climate in Asia 2022 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in Asia region in 2022. The 2022 report is the third in the series of the report.
State of the climate in Europe 2021
(World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2022) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
The WMO State of the Climate in Europe 2021, is the first edition of climate reports to be published annually by the World Meteorological Organization’s Regional Association for Europe (WMO-RA6) and the European Union's Earth observation programme, Copernicus. The report provides the status of key climate indicators using the WMO and partner organizations operational monitoring systems and latest data and information on impacts, risks and policy from United Nations (UN) agencies. It addresses specific physical science, socio-economic and policy aspects that are relevant to WMO-RA6 domain and responds to Members needs in the fields of climate monitoring, climate change and climate services. The report also makes use of latest findings of the IPCC reports and Copernicus European State of the Climate (ESOTC).
State of the climate in Europe 2022
(World Meteorological Organization, 2023)
The WMO State of the Climate in Europe 2022, is the second edition of climate reports published annually by the World Meteorological Organization’s Regional Association for Europe (WMO-RA6) and the European Union's Earth observation programme, Copernicus. The report provides the status of key climate indicators using the WMO and partner organizations operational monitoring systems and latest data and information on impacts, risks and policy from United Nations agencies. It addresses specific physical science, socio-economic and policy aspects that are relevant to WMO-RA6 domain and responds to Members needs in the fields of climate monitoring, climate change and climate services. The report also makes use of latest findings of the IPCC reports and Copernicus European State of the Climate (ESOTC).
State of the climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2021
(World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2022) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
State of the climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2022
(World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2023) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
State of the climate in South-West Pacific 2021
(World Meteorological Organization, 2022) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
The report on the State of the Climate in the South-West Pacific 2021 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in the Southwest Pacific region in 2021. The 2021 report is the second in the series of the report.
State of the climate in South-West Pacific 2022
(World Meteorological Organization, 2023) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
The report on the State of the Climate in the South-West Pacific 2022 is the result of collaboration between NMHSs in the region, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and other specialized agencies of the United Nations. This multi-agency effort provides a summary of the state of climate, extreme events and their socio-economic impacts in the South-West Pacific region in 2022. The 2022 report is the third in the series of the report.
State of the global climate 2022
(World Meteorological Organization, 2023)
The publication provides a summary on the state of the climate indicators in 2022 including global temperatures trends and its distribution around the globe; most recent finding on Green House Gases concentration, Ocean indicators; Cryosphere with a particular emphasis on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, greenland ice sheet and glaciers and snow cover; Stratospheric Ozone; analysis of major drivers of inter-annual climate variability during the year including the El Niño Souther Oscillation and other Ocean and Atmshperic indices; global precipitation distribution over land; extreme events including those related to tropical cyclones and wind storms; flooding, drought and extreme heat and cold events. The publication also provides most recent finding on climate related risks and impacts including on food security, humanitarian and population displacement aspects and impact on ecosystems.

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